More than 200,000 people have either fled or been ordered to remain indoors as massive wildfires swept across Spain and France on Friday. The fires prompted Spain to declare a national emergency, while French authorities ordered the complete evacuation, by land and sea, of one of the country’s most popular holiday destinations.Authorities in south-west France ordered the evacuation of the Cap Ferret peninsula on the Atlantic coast “village by village” as an “intense, highly unpredictable” wildfire scorched more than 19,000 hectares (47,000 acres) of forest.In Spain, the government declared its first-ever national emergency over a wildfire after two major blazes merged outside Madrid, while a third fire was close to joining them amid extreme heat and tinder-dry conditions across much of southern Europe.Madrid regional president Isabel Díaz Ayuso described the blaze as the “worst fire in the history of the region”, saying the area was facing a “perfect storm” of high temperatures, relentless winds and converging fire fronts.Local emergency services said the wildfires were advancing towards the municipalities of Robledo de Chavela and Fresnedillas de la Oliva, about 50 kilometres (31 miles) from the Spanish capital.“The wildfire is at its peak and is currently beyond the capacity of firefighters to contain,” Carlos Novillo, the Madrid regional government’s emergency management chief, said, as cited by the BBC. “It’s not possible to attack the fire in that area, so defensive measures are being taken,” he added.A national emergency, which allows Spain’s central government to assume powers and responsibilities normally held by the country’s autonomous regions, has been declared only once before — during the nationwide blackout in April 2025.In south-west France, around 200,000 people have been evacuated as wildfires tore through the Gironde and Landes regions.In the early hours of Saturday, authorities ordered the precautionary evacuation of four towns near Bordeaux: Saint-Médard-en-Jalles, Saint-Jean-d’Illac, Martignas-sur-Jalles and Saint-Aubin-de-Médoc. According to Le Monde, the four municipalities have a combined population of about 58,400.In 2022, a wildfire in south-west France scorched more than 30,000 hectares and forced the evacuation of 50,000 people. Fueled by dry conditions and strong winds, the latest blazes have swept through coastal pine forests, with flames reaching up to 10 metres (30 feet) high.French president Emmanuel Macron said he had activated the European Union’s civil protection mechanism as the country battled multiple wildfires after enduring three successive heatwaves since May.Scientists say climate change is making extreme weather events more frequent and more intense by drying out soils and waterways, fuelling wildfires and contributing to thousands of excess deaths. Europe is warming at nearly twice the global average rate.
